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muscle spasm - перевод на итальянский
INVOLUNTARY CONTRACTION OF A MUSCLE, ORGAN OR ORIFICE
Muscle spasm; Muscle spasms; Spasmism; Spasmodic; Spasmodical; Spasmodically; Muscular spasms; Muscles spasms; Muscle spams
muscle spasm
spasmo muscolare (situazione in cui i dolori
voluntary muscles
![(a) Some ATP is stored in a resting muscle. As contraction starts, it is used up in seconds. More ATP is generated from creatine phosphate for about 15 seconds. (b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two molecules of pyruvic acid, which can be used in aerobic respiration or converted to [[lactic acid]]. If oxygen is not available, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which may contribute to [[muscle fatigue]]. This occurs during strenuous exercise when high amounts of energy are needed but oxygen cannot be sufficiently delivered to muscle. (c) Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Approximately 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles is provided by aerobic respiration, which takes place in mitochondria.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1016 Muscle Metabolism.jpg?width=200 "(a) Some ATP is stored in a resting muscle. As contraction starts, it is used up in seconds. More ATP is generated from creatine phosphate for about 15 seconds. (b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two molecules of pyruvic acid, which can be used in aerobic respiration or converted to [[lactic acid]]. If oxygen is not available, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which may contribute to [[muscle fatigue]]. This occurs during strenuous exercise when high amounts of energy are needed but oxygen cannot be sufficiently delivered to muscle. (c) Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Approximately 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles is provided by aerobic respiration, which takes place in mitochondria.")
![Types of [[pennate muscle]]. A – [[unipennate]]; B – [[bipennate]];
C – [[multipennate]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fiederung.svg?width=200 "Types of [[pennate muscle]]. A – [[unipennate]]; B – [[bipennate]];
C – [[multipennate]]")
![[[Human embryo]] showing [[somite]]s labelled as ''primitive segments''.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gray20.png?width=200 "[[Human embryo]] showing [[somite]]s labelled as ''primitive segments''.")
![polypeptide]] tail (only one tail of each pair is shown). The pairs of histones, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, each have [[lysine]]s (K) in their tails, some of which are subject to post-translational modifications consisting, usually, of acetylations [Ac] and methylations {me}. The lysines (K) are designated with a number showing their position as, for instance, (K4), indicating lysine as the 4th amino acid from the amino (N) end of the tail in the histone protein. The particular acetylations [Ac] and methylations {Me} shown are those that occur on nucleosomes close to, or at, some DNA regions undergoing transcriptional activation of the DNA wrapped around the nucleosome.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Histone tails set for transcriptional activation.jpg?width=200 "polypeptide]] tail (only one tail of each pair is shown). The pairs of histones, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, each have [[lysine]]s (K) in their tails, some of which are subject to post-translational modifications consisting, usually, of acetylations [Ac] and methylations {me}. The lysines (K) are designated with a number showing their position as, for instance, (K4), indicating lysine as the 4th amino acid from the amino (N) end of the tail in the histone protein. The particular acetylations [Ac] and methylations {Me} shown are those that occur on nucleosomes close to, or at, some DNA regions undergoing transcriptional activation of the DNA wrapped around the nucleosome.")
![Prisoner of war exhibiting muscle loss as a result of [[malnutrition]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Japanese atrocities. Philippines, China, Burma, Japan - NARA - 292600.jpg?width=200 "Prisoner of war exhibiting muscle loss as a result of [[malnutrition]].")
![[[Jogging]] is one form of aerobic exercise.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jogging couple.jpg?width=200 "[[Jogging]] is one form of aerobic exercise.")
![In [[muscular dystrophy]], the affected tissues become disorganized and the concentration of [[dystrophin]] (green) is greatly reduced.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MuscularDystrophy.png?width=200 "In [[muscular dystrophy]], the affected tissues become disorganized and the concentration of [[dystrophin]] (green) is greatly reduced.")
![Structure of muscle fibre showing a sarcomere under [[electron microscope]] with schematic explanation.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sarcomere.gif?width=200 "Structure of muscle fibre showing a sarcomere under [[electron microscope]] with schematic explanation.")
ONE OF THREE MAJOR MUSCLE TYPES
Skeletal muscles; Voluntary muscle; Musculo; Red skeletal muscle cell; White skeletal muscle cell; Muscle protein; Fast twitch muscle; Slow twitch muscles; Skeletal Muscle; Strongest muscle in human body; Muscle loss; Musculature; Muscle mass; Muscle, skeletal; Muscular branches; Muscle fibers, slow-twitch; Muscular diseases; Myoblasts, skeletal; Control of Muscles; Voluntary muscles; Characteristics of muscle; Muscular fiber; Skeletal muscular; Lean muscle; Muscles; Slow-twitch muscle; Panniculus carnosis; Neoplasms, muscle tissue; Excitation-contraction; Muscle proteins; Muscle strength; Muscle; Myoid cells; Branchialis; Connective tissue in skeletal muscle; Connective tissue of skeletal muscle; Muscle types; Convergent muscles; Human muscle; Fast-twitching; Textus muscularis striatus skeletalis; Skeletal muscle cells; Muscular; Gross anatomy of muscles; Muscular force; Myo-; Skeletal striated muscles; Fast twitch fibre; Slow twitch fibre; Slow twitch fiber; Fast twitch fiber; Skeletal striated muscle; Muscular fibers; Myonuclei; Evolution of muscles; Skeletal muscle fibers; Myotendinous junction; Muscle group; Groups of muscles; Msucle; Musculotendinous junction; Skeletal muscle cell
muscoli volontari (muscoli che permettono le azioni)
muscle tissue
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![A chicken embryo, showing the [[paraxial mesoderm]] on both sides of the neural fold. The anterior (forward) portion has begun to form [[somite]]s (labeled "primitive segments").](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gray18.png?width=200 "A chicken embryo, showing the [[paraxial mesoderm]] on both sides of the neural fold. The anterior (forward) portion has begun to form [[somite]]s (labeled \"primitive segments\").")
BASIC BIOLOGICAL TISSUE PRESENT IN ANIMALS
Muscular tissue; Textus muscularis; Muscular tissues; Muscle tissues
tessuto muscoloso
Определение
spasmodic
¦ adjective
1. occurring or done in brief, irregular bursts.
2. of or caused by a spasm or spasms.
Derivatives
spasmodically adverb
Origin
C17: from mod. L. spasmodicus, from Gk spasmodes, from spasma (see spasm).
Википедия
Spasm
A spasm is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the bladder.
A spasmodic muscle contraction may be caused by many medical conditions, including dystonia. Most commonly, it is a muscle cramp which is accompanied by a sudden burst of pain. A muscle cramp is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. It is typically caused by ion imbalance or muscle overload.
There are other causes of involuntary muscle contractions, and some of these may cause a health problem.
Примеры употребления для muscle spasm
1. Botox is best known for minimizing wrinkles by paralyzing facial muscles – but botulinum toxin also is widely used for a variety of muscle–spasm conditions, such as cervical dystonia or severe neck spasms.
2. Botox is best known for minimizing wrinkles by paralyzing facial muscles –– but botulinum toxin also is widely used for a variety of muscle–spasm conditions, such as cervical dystonia or severe neck spasms.
3. The device is said to deliver '50,000 volts, "causing extreme pain, muscle spasm, disorientation and loss of balance". Scroll down for more The illegal Viper Defender stun gun used in the attack Airey admitted charges of assault, grievous bodily harm and possession of a weapon.
4. The device is manufactured by Viper Defender, which claims it is "the most powerful self–defence stun device of its kind in the world". Anyone zapped with it suffers "extreme pain, muscle spasm, disorientation and loss of balance", according to the firm." A shocked neighbour of Mr Kelly‘s said: "Mr Kelly is a gentle giant – he is one of the more reserved quieter teachers at the school." "He teaches my grandson and didn‘t deserve this." Pupils spoke fondly of Mr Kelly and were surprised anyone would bear a grudge against him Sixth former Matt Smale, 16, said: "Everyone is shocked at school.